The verb with the pronouns – الْفِعْلُ مَعَ الضَّمَائِرِ
- In this lesson we will learn about the form of verb when attached with the pronouns In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have already learnt two simple verbs in (Lesson No. 4 section 12) which are:
- ذَهَبَ meaning “Went”.
- خَرَجَ meaning “Went out”.
- Let’s see the form of the verb when it is attached to different pronouns:
| English | New form of verb | Pronoun Added | Simple Verb | |
| You went (masculine) | ذَهَبْتَ | You (masculine) | أَنْتَ | ذَهَبَ |
| You went (feminine) | ذَهَبْتِ | You (feminine) | أَنْتِ | |
| He went | ذَهَبَ | He | هُوَ | |
| She went | ذَهَبَتْ | She | هِيَ | |
| I went | ذَهَبْتُ | I | أَنَا | |
| We went | ذَهَبْنَا | We | نَحْنُ | |
| You went out (masculine) | خَرَجْتَ | You (masculine) | أَنْتَ | خَرَجَ |
| You went out (feminine) | خَرَجْتِ | You (feminine) | أَنْتِ | |
| He went out | خَرَجَ | He | هُوَ | |
| She went out | خَرَجَتْ | She | هِيَ | |
| I went out | خَرَجْتُ | I | أَنَا | |
| We went out | خَرَجْنَا | We | نَحْنُ | |
- Let’s take some more examples to understand the rule more clearly:
| Picture | English | Arabic |
|
| Ahmad went to Iraq. | ذَهَبَ أَحْمَدُ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ. |
|
| Amina went out of the classroom. | خَرَجَتْ آمِنَةُ مِنَ الْفَصْلِ. |
|
| Where did you go O Ayesha? | أَيْنَ ذَهَبْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ؟ |
|
| Why did you go out of the mosque? | لِمَاذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ؟ |
|
| Did Bilquees go to the kitchen? | أَذَهَبَتْ بِلْقِيسُ إِلَى الْمَطْبَخِ؟ |
|
| I went to the hospital. | ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى الْمُسْتَشْفَىٰ. |
|
| We went out of the university. | خَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْجَامِعَةِ |
Continued
- In this lesson we will learn about the vowel ending of the masculine nouns resembling the feminine nouns In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have learnt that the feminine nouns have no tanwīn on their last letter e.g.: آمِنَةُ، فَاطِمَةُ، عَائِشَةُ etc. Similarly there are certain masculine proper nouns that have ة (tā’ marbūŧah) as their last letter – therefore they also do not have tanwīn on their last letter, e.g.: حَمْزَةُ، مُعَاوِيَةُ، حَنْظَلَةُ etc.
- Let’s take some examples to better understand the rule:
| Pictures | English | Arabic |
|
| Fatima’s husband is Mu’awiya. | زَوْجُ فاطِمَةَ مُعَاوِيَةُ. |
|
| Khalid went out with Talha. | خَرَجَ خَالِدٌ مَعَ طَلْحَةَ. |
|
| Your (feminine) car is with Usama. | سَيَّارَتُكِ مَعَ أُسَامَةَ. |
|
| I went to Hamza. | ذَهَبْتُ إِلَىٰ حَمْزَةَ. |
· In this lesson we will also learn the use of “مَا” as a negative particle In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have learnt the use of “مَا” as an interrogative (questioning) article in (Lesson No. 1 section 3).
| Picture | English | Arabic |
|
| Do you have a pen? No, I do not have a pen. | أَمَعَكَ قَلَمٌ؟ لاَ، مَا مَعِي قَلَمٌ. |
|
| Do you have a bag? No, I do not have a bag. | أَمَعِكَ حَقِيبَةٌ؟ لاَ، مَا مَعِي حَقِيبَةٌ. |
|
| Who is this child? This child is the son of Mu’awiya. | مَنْ هَذَا الطِّفْلُ؟ هَذَا الطِّفْلُ ابْنُ مُعاوِيَةَ. |
|
| Did you go to Khalid? No, I went to Hanzala |
