LESSON 6
Pronouns
We are listing below the possessive (إِضَافِيُ ) and objective (مَفْعُوْلِيُ ) pronouns. By possessive, we mean those pronouns, which indicate possession, and by objective we mean those pronouns, which refer to the object.
Table 6.1
Possessive ( إِ ضافُِ يُ ) & Objective (م فع ولِ يُ ) Pronouns
Person
Gender
Plurality
Pronouns
English
Arabic
Third Person (غَائِبٌُ )
Masculine
(مُذَكَّرٌُ )
Singular
his, him
هُُ
Dual
their, them
هَُُا
Plural
their, them
ىُمُْ
Feminine ( مُؤَُنَّثٌُ )
Singular
hers, her
ىَا
Dual
their, them
هَُُا
Plural
their, them
ىُنَُّ
Second Person
(حَاضِرٌُ )
Masculine
(مُذَكَّرٌُ )
Singular
your, you
كَُ
Dual
your, you
كُمَا
Plural
your, you
كُمُْ
Feminine (مُؤَنَّثٌُ )
Singular
your, you
كُِ
Dual
your, you
كُمَا
Plural
your, you
كُنَُّ
First Person
(مُتَكَلِّمٌُ )
Masculine/
Feminine
Singular
my, me
يُْ ,ُ نُُِ
Masculine/
Feminine
Dual/
Plural
ours, us
نَا
Lesson 6
36
These pronouns can come after nouns, verbs and particles as shown in the examples below.
- After a noun:
قَ لَمُوُُ – his (S/M) pen
كِتَابُكَُ – your (S/M) book
كِتَابُِْ – my book
كِتَاب هَُا – her (S/F) book.
- After a verb:
نَصَرْتُوُُ – I helped him
أَُمَرْتُكَُ – I commanded you
نَصَرْتَنُِْ – you (S/M) helped me.
- After a particle:
فِيْوُِ – in it
لَوُُ – for him
مُِنْكَُ – from you (S/M)
إُِلَيْ نَا – to/towards us
إِنَّكُمُْ – indeed you (P/M)
عَلَيْوُِ – on him.
The two pronouns ( مَُفُْعُُوُْلُِي and إ ضَُافِيُ ) mentioned above are used most frequently in Arabic and should be understood well. The following pronouns are subjective ( فَُاعُِلُِ ي يُ ). Examples are not being given for these since these are easier to learn.
ضَمَائِرُُ