Arabic Prepositions 5
LESSON 5
Prepositions
The following particles are used as prepositions in Arabic. They occur quite frequently.
Table 5.1
Prepositions ( ا ل حُ رُ وُ فُ اُل جُا رة )
in, regarding
فُِْ
with
بُِ
from
مِنُْ
to, up to
إِلُٰ
on
عَلىُٰ
for
لُِ
as, like
كَُ
up to, until
حَتُّٰ
about, from, regarding
عَنُْ
by (for oath)
وَُ
The words that come after these prepositions end with a kasrah on the final letter. We give examples of each of these.
زَيْدٌُ فُُِ اُلدَّارُِ = Zaid is in the house.
كَتَبْتُ بُِالْقَلَمُِ = I wrote with the pen.
مِنَ اُلْبَ يْتِ إُُِلَُ اُلْمَسْجِد = from the house to the mosque
جَلَسَ زَُيْدٌ عَُُلَُى اُلْكُرْسِىُِّ = Zaid sat on the chair.
اَلسَّيَّارَةُ لُِزَيْدٍُ = The car belongs to Zaid.
أَحمَْدُكَُأَسَدٍُ = Ahmad is like a lion.
نِِْتُ حَُتَُّ اُلصُّبْحُِ = I slept until the morning.
سَأَلَتْ عَُنِ اُلْكِتَابُِ = She asked about the book.
وَاللهُِ = By Allah!
Lesson 5
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Besides the ten prepositions listed above, there are seven other prepositions that occur less frequently. Since they do occur; therefore, it is appropriate to mention them as well. They are as follows:
- تَُ: by (for oath). This is specific with Allah, the Exalted. Example: تَااللهُِ – By Allah!
2 & 3. مُذُْ وَُ مُنْذُُ : since. These are used to define a time period. Example: مَا ذَُىَبْتُ إُُِلَُ اُلْمَدْرَسَةِ مُُنْذُ يُ وَْمِ اُلُْْمُعَةُِ – I have not gone to the school since Friday.
- رُبَُّ : many a, so many. The noun used after رُبَُّ is always singular. Example: رُبَّرَُجُلٍنَُصَرْتُوُُ – I have helped so many men.
- خَلََُ : besides, except. Example: عَلَّمُْتُاُلَُْْطْفَالَخَُلََزَُيْدٍُ – I taught all of the children except Zaid.
- حَاشَا : besides, except. Example: مَنَعْتُاُلرِّجَالَحَُاشَاعَُمْرٍو – I stopped all of the men except ‘Amr.
- عَدَا : besides, except. Example: جَاءَاُلْقَوْمُعَُدَاخَُالِدٍُ – All of the people came except Khalid.