Arabic Numbers 11 19
In this lesson we will learn the numbers from 11 to 19 In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). The topics that will be covered include:
- The numbers (أحَدَ عَشَر) “aћada ξashar” (eleven) and (اِثْنا عشر) “ithnā ξashar” (twelve) in a special section, and the special rules relating to these numbers.
- After that we will cover the numbers from (ثلاثة عشر) “thalāthata ξashar” (thirteen) to (تِسْعَةَ عَشَر) “tisξata ξashar” (nineteen).
- We will answer some questions relating to the numbers, such as:
- What are the situations in which a number will be masculine or feminine?
- Are numbers declinable or indeclinable?
- The ending of the numbered noun الاسْم المَعْدود (the name comes after a number)
- Below we will cover some examples. Read the examples carefully and then study the rules that follow in future sections:
| Number | With masculine | With feminine |
| ١١ | جاء أحدَ عَشَرَ أُسْتاذاً “Ĵā’a aћada ξashar ustādhan” Eleven professors came | جاءت إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ أُسْتاذةً “Ĵā’at iћdā ξashrata ustādhatan” Eleven lady professors came |
| ١٢ | ذهب اثْنَا عَشَرَ مُهَنْدِسًا “Dhahaba ithnā ξashar muhandisan” Twelve engineers went out | ذَهَبَت اثْنَتا عَشْرَةَ مُهَنْدِسَةً “Dhahabat ithnatā ξashrat muhandisatan” Twelve lady engineers went out |
| رَأَيْتُ اِثْنَي عَشَر مُهَنْدِسًا “ra’aytu ithnai ξashara muhandisan” I saw twelve engineers | رأيت اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ مُهَنْدِسَةً “ra’aytu ithnatai ξashrata muhandisatan” I saw twelve lady engineers | |
| ١٣ | في الفَصْلِ ثلاثةَ عَشَرَ طالِبًا “fil-faŝli thalāthata ξshara ŧâliban” Thirteen students are in the class | حَضَرَتْ ثَلاثَ عَشْرَةَ مُدَرِّسَة ” ħađarat thalātha ξashrata mudarrisatan” Thirteen lady teachers attended |
| ١٤ | قَرَأْتُ أرْبَعَةََ َعَشَرَ كِتَابًا ” qara’tu arbaξata ξashara kitāban” I read fourteen books | قَرَأتُ أرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ قِصَّةً “qara’tu arbaξa ξashrata qiŝŝatan” I read fourteen stories |
| ١٥ | رَجَعْتُ بَعْدَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا “raĵaξtu baξda khamsata ξashara yawman” I came back after fifteen days | نِمْتُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَاعَةً “nimtu khamsa ξashrata sāξatan” I slept for fifteen hours |
| ١٦ | ذَبَحْتُ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ دِيكًا “dhabaћtu sitta ξashara dīkan” I slaughtered sixteen roosters | ذَبَحْتُ سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ دَجَاجَةً “dhabaћtu sitta ξashrata daĵaĵatan” I slaughtered sixteen hens |
| ١٧ | دَعَوْتُ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ دُعَاءً “daξawtu sabξata ξashara duξā‘an” I invoked seventeen supplications | صَلَّيْتُ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً “ŝallaitu sabξa ξashrata rakξatan” I prayed seventeen Rak’ahs |
| ١٨ | مُحَمَّدٌ عِنْدَهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ صَدِيقًا “muħammadun ξindahu thamāniyata ξashara ŝadīqan” Muhammad has eighteen friends | فاطِمَةُ عِنْدَها ثَمَانِيَ عَشْرَةَ صَدِيقَةً “Fatimatu ξindahā thamāni ξashrata ŝadīqatan” Fatimah has eighteen friends |
| ١٩ | هَذا الطِّفْلُ عُمْرُه تِسْعَة َ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا “hādhā aŧ-ŧiflu ξumruhū tisξata ξashara yawman” This child is nineteen days old | هذا الوَلَدُ عُمْرُهُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً “hādhā al-waladu ξumruhū tisξa ξashrata sanatan” This boy is nineteen years old |
- We will also learn the numbers from 20 to 99, which include two parts: (1) decade numbers (i.e. 20, 30,…90) and (2) the other numbers:-
| رَأيْتُ عِشْرِينَ بَلَدًا | جاءَ ثَلاثون رَجُلا |
| “ra’aytu ξishriin baladan” I saw twenty countries | “ĵā’a thalathūn raĵulan” Thirty men came |
- The composite number may include two numbers connected with the (و) (and):-
| رَأْيت اِثْنَينِ وعِشْرِينَ بَلَدًا | جاء واحِدٌ وثَلاثُونَ رجلا |
| “ra’aytu ithnai[n] wa ξishrīn baladan” I saw twenty-two countries | “ĵā’a wāћidun wa thalāthūn raĵulan” Thirty-one men came |