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Arabic Pronouns You – Your – Plural form of the Personal and Possessive

 
 
 

Continued

  • In this lesson, we will learn a new rule related to the /Muđâf/ and /Muđâf Ilaihi/ In-Shā’-Allâh (God willing). We have learnt in Lesson No. 5 section 2 that the /Muđâf/ is definite even though it doesn’t have /alif-lām/.  We also learnt that the adjective of a definite noun is always definite, so when we add an adjective to a /Muđâf/ it will be definite like it e.g.:

English

Arabic

The new house of the Imam

بَيْتُ الإِمَامِ الْجَدِيدُ

The boy’s broken desk

مَكْتَبُ الْوَلَدِ الْمَكْسُورُ

The opened window of the room

نَافِذَةُ الْغُرْفَةِ الْمَفْتُوحَةُ

  • It is important to identify above the adjectives and the /Muđâf/ and /Muđâf Ilaihi/.
  • Similarly when the /Muđâf Ilaihi/ (possessor) is a possessive pronoun, the adjective of such a /Muđâf/ that it qualifies is definite e.g.:

English

Arabic

His new house

بَيْتُهُ الْجَدِيدُ

Its opened window

نَافِذَتُهَا الْمَفْتُوحَةُ

  • It must be remembered that the adjective of the /Muđâf/ (i.e. possessed noun) that it describes always takes the same case as that of /Muđâf/ i.e.,
  • If the /Muđâf/ is in nominative case, the adjective will also take the nominative case e.g.:

English

Arabic

The new book of the teacher

كِتَابُ الْمُدَرِّسِ الْجَدِيدُ

  • If the /Muđâf/ is in genitive case, the adjective will also take the genitive case e.g.:

English

Arabic

The book is on the teacher’s new desk

اَلْكِتَابُ عَلَى مَكْتَبِ الْمُدَرِّسِ الْجَدِيدِ

  • If the /Muđâf/ is a feminine noun, the adjective should also be feminine, e.g.:

English

Arabic

The old bag of the boy

حَقِيبَةُ الْوَلَدِ الْقَدِيمَةُ

  • More examples:

Picture

English

Arabic

Madinaharabic.com lesson image

This is the old car of the director

هَذِهِ سَيَّارَةُ الْمُدِيرِ الْقَدِيمَةُ.

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The broken pen of the girl

قَلَمُ الْبِنْتِ الْمَكْسُورُ.

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The dirty shirt of the father

قَمِيصُ الأَبِ الْوَسِخُ.

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The sparrow on the big apple tree

اَلْعُصْفُورُ عَلَى شَجَرَةِ التُّفَّاحِ الْكَبِيرَةِ.

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The vast (spacious) garden of the house

حَدِيقَةُ الْبَيْتِ الْوَاسِعَةُ.

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This story is from the old book of the Arabic language

هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ الْقَدِيمِ.

 
 
 

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