Arabic The Possessive Expression – الإضَافَةُ
İntroduction – مُقَدِّمَةٌ
- In this lesson we will learn the following things:
- In part one of this lesson we will learn the expression which shows ownership of one thing over another – e.g., “The teacher’s car”. This is called The Possessive Expression in English and /Muđâf and Muđâf Ilaihi/ in Arabic:
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English: |
Transliteration: |
Arabic: |
|
The book of the student |
/Kitabuŧ ŧâlibi / |
كِتَابُ الطَّالِبِ |
|
On the desk of the teacher |
/ξala maktabil mudarrisi/ |
عَلَىٰ مَكْتَبِ الْمُدَرِّسِ |
- In Arabic the letter /Alif/ is used in two different ways. One of them is called /Hamza tul Qaŧξ/ and the other is called /Hamza tul Waŝl/. Hamza tul Qaŧξ is the one which is pronounced while Hamza tul Waŝl is the one which is not pronounced:
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Translation: |
Transliteration: |
Arabic: |
Type of Alif |
|
Where are you from |
/Min aina anta/ |
مِنْ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ؟ |
هَمْزَةُ الْقَطْعِ |
|
He is the teacher’s son |
/Howab nul mudarrisi/ |
هُوَ ٱبْنُ ٱلْمُدَرِّسِ |
هَمْزَةُ الْوَصْلِ |
- In Arabic, words normally change their cases with different causes (see Lesson 4-section 2). We will look at the “indeclinable” words which do not change their case with different causes and maintain their vowel ending:
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Translation: |
Indeclinable Words /Mabni/ الْكَلِمَاتُ الْمَبْنِيَّةُ |
|
This (masculine) |
هَـٰذَا |
|
Who |
مَنْ |
|
He |
هُوَ |
- The rule for the use of the vocative particle (the word used to call someone like Oh):
|
Translation: |
Transliteration: |
Arabic: |
|
Oh Muhammad |
/Yaa Muhammadu/ |
يَا مُحَمَّدُ |
|
Oh Allah |
/Yaa Allahu/ |
يَا اللهُ |
|
Oh teacher |
/Yaa Ustadhu/ |
يَا أُسْتَاذُ |