Arabic verb with the pronouns
The verb with the pronouns – الْفِعْلُ مَعَ الضَّمَائِرِ
- In this lesson we will learn about the form of verb when attached with the pronouns In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have already learnt two simple verbs in (Lesson No. 4 section 12) which are:
- ذَهَبَ meaning “Went”.
- خَرَجَ meaning “Went out”.
- Let’s see the form of the verb when it is attached to different pronouns:
|
English |
New form of verb |
Pronoun Added |
Simple Verb |
|
|
You went (masculine) |
ذَهَبْتَ |
You (masculine) |
أَنْتَ |
ذَهَبَ |
|
You went (feminine) |
ذَهَبْتِ |
You (feminine) |
أَنْتِ |
|
|
He went |
ذَهَبَ |
He |
هُوَ |
|
|
She went |
ذَهَبَتْ |
She |
هِيَ |
|
|
I went |
ذَهَبْتُ |
I |
أَنَا |
|
|
We went |
ذَهَبْنَا |
We |
نَحْنُ |
|
|
You went out (masculine) |
خَرَجْتَ |
You (masculine) |
أَنْتَ |
خَرَجَ |
|
You went out (feminine) |
خَرَجْتِ |
You (feminine) |
أَنْتِ |
|
|
He went out |
خَرَجَ |
He |
هُوَ |
|
|
She went out |
خَرَجَتْ |
She |
هِيَ |
|
|
I went out |
خَرَجْتُ |
I |
أَنَا |
|
|
We went out |
خَرَجْنَا |
We |
نَحْنُ |
|
- Let’s take some more examples to understand the rule more clearly:
|
Picture |
English |
Arabic |
|
|
Ahmad went to Iraq. |
ذَهَبَ أَحْمَدُ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ. |
|
|
Amina went out of the classroom. |
خَرَجَتْ آمِنَةُ مِنَ الْفَصْلِ. |
|
|
Where did you go O Ayesha? |
أَيْنَ ذَهَبْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ؟ |
|
|
Why did you go out of the mosque? |
لِمَاذَا خَرَجْتَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ؟ |
|
|
Did Bilquees go to the kitchen? |
أَذَهَبَتْ بِلْقِيسُ إِلَى الْمَطْبَخِ؟ |
|
|
I went to the hospital. |
ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى الْمُسْتَشْفَىٰ. |
|
|
We went out of the university. |
خَرَجْنَا مِنَ الْجَامِعَةِ |
Continued
- In this lesson we will learn about the vowel ending of the masculine nouns resembling the feminine nouns In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have learnt that the feminine nouns have no tanwīn on their last letter e.g.: آمِنَةُ، فَاطِمَةُ، عَائِشَةُ etc. Similarly there are certain masculine proper nouns that have ة (tā’ marbūŧah) as their last letter – therefore they also do not have tanwīn on their last letter, e.g.: حَمْزَةُ، مُعَاوِيَةُ، حَنْظَلَةُ etc.
- Let’s take some examples to better understand the rule:
|
Pictures |
English |
Arabic |
|
|
Fatima’s husband is Mu’awiya. |
زَوْجُ فاطِمَةَ مُعَاوِيَةُ. |
|
|
Khalid went out with Talha. |
خَرَجَ خَالِدٌ مَعَ طَلْحَةَ. |
|
|
Your (feminine) car is with Usama. |
سَيَّارَتُكِ مَعَ أُسَامَةَ. |
|
|
I went to Hamza. |
ذَهَبْتُ إِلَىٰ حَمْزَةَ. |
· In this lesson we will also learn the use of “مَا” as a negative particle In-Shā’-Allâh (God-Willing). We have learnt the use of “مَا” as an interrogative (questioning) article in (Lesson No. 1 section 3).
|
Picture |
English |
Arabic |
|
|
Do you have a pen? No, I do not have a pen. |
أَمَعَكَ قَلَمٌ؟ لاَ، مَا مَعِي قَلَمٌ. |
|
|
Do you have a bag? No, I do not have a bag. |
أَمَعِكَ حَقِيبَةٌ؟ لاَ، مَا مَعِي حَقِيبَةٌ. |
|
|
Who is this child? This child is the son of Mu’awiya. |
مَنْ هَذَا الطِّفْلُ؟ هَذَا الطِّفْلُ ابْنُ مُعاوِيَةَ. |
|
|
Did you go to Khalid? No, I went to Hanzala |
