Learn Arabic Grammar Online

Arabic Alphabet – Learn Arabic Grammer Online 1

1st Group
– Can’t be joined on the left side.
– Can be joined to a preceding letter but never to a following one.
– Then, all Arabic Letters in the Alphabet could be connected from both sides except the following mentioned Letters.(see table below)
2nd Group
– Change shape according to their position in the word.

 

1st Group (Non-Connecting Letters) 1st Group Examples 2nd Group (Connecting Letters) 2nd Group Examples
ālif ا سَمَاء
/samā̛/
for “sky”
عain   ع Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final)
Dāl د الدَهر
/̛ād-dahr/
for “past life”
ghain غ Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final)
zāl ذ الذَهب
/̛āz-zahab/
For “gold”
kāf ك Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final)
rā̛ ر الرَمَادِي
/̛ā̛r-ramādy/
for “grey color”
hā̛ ه هـ Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final)
zāy ز الزَمَان
/̛āz-zamān/
For “past”
yā̛ ي Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final)
wāw و الوَطَن
/̛āl-watan/
for “homeland”
hamza
ء
أُ
إِ
أَ
Refer to the three Arabic Letters’ Writing Forms (initial – medial – final).
NB: this letter will be discussed later

10- Few Arabic Written Letters could be only differentiated by their dots :

bā̛    ب
tā̛    ت
thā̛    ث
jim    ج
hā̛    ح
khā̛   خ
dāl    د
Zāl    ذ
rā̛    ر
Zāy    ز
sin    س
shin    ش
sād    ص
dād    ض
tā̛    ط
ẓā̛   ظ
عain    ع
ghain    غ
fā̛    ف
qāf    ق
nun    ن

11- There are Confusing Arabic Written Letters phonetically-wise:

Light Sound in Pronunciation Heavy Sound in Pronunciation
tā̛    ت tā̛   ط
Dāl    د dād    ض
zāl    ذ ẓā̛    ظ
sin    س sād   ص
Kāf    ك qāf    ق

12- The Letter tā̛ ت; sometimes it is written like the letter hā̛ in its final form ـهyet with two dots above it ـة. This letter is mostly seen in its final position to indicate a feminine gender ending and is termed ” tā̛ Marbutah”.

13- The Letters fā̛ and qāf in Moroccan Written Arabic are different in their shape as seen below:

Position in word Isolated Initial Medial Final
Form of the letter fā̛ in Moroccan Arabic ڢ ڢـ ـڢـ ـڢ
Form of the letter qāf in Moroccan Arabic ڡ ڧـ ـڧـ ـڡ
 

Arabıc Alphabet- Names

  • In this lesson we will learn the Arabic Alphabet (God Willing). The lesson is designed to teach the names of all the alphabets. Click on the letters to hear how the letter names are pronounced.

  • Please note that some of these letters are very similar to English letter sounds e.g.: /Bā’/ is very close to the letter ‘B’ in the English language, this is a useful way to remember the sounds of the letters. However many letters have no equivalent sounds in English e.g.: /ξayn/, and some letters have subtle but important differences in pronunciation, e.g.: /Hā’/ which is pronounced with a lot more emphasis in the throat than the letter ‘H’ in English.
  • In Arabic, it is preferred to use the ‘tanween’ (‘un’) to clarify the pronunciation – especially on the final letter of a word.  We have used the tanween in the sounds below.  For example – instead of /Bā’/ we have said ‘Bā-un’.  The letter name is still /Bā’/ but we have used the ‘un’ to clarify the pronunciation.
  • Finally, please note that the Arabic script is read from right to left. Please read the letters below starting from the right and reading each letter to the left.

 

         

Arabic Character

/Jīm/

/Thā’/

/Tā’/

/Bā’/

/Alif/

Letter Name

j

th

t

b

a

Letter Sound

 
         

Arabic Character

/Râ’/

/Dhāl/

/Dāl/

/Khâ’/

/ħā’/

Letter Name

r

dh

d

kh

h

Letter Sound

 
         

Arabic Character

/đâd/

/ŝâd/

/Shīn/

/Sīn/

/Zāy/

Letter Name

d

s

sh

s

z

Letter Sound

 
         

Arabic Character

/Fā’/

/Ghayn/

/ξayn/

/Zâ’/

/ŧâ’/

Letter Name

f

gh

`

Z

t

Letter Sound

 
         

Arabic Character

/Nūn/

/Mīm/

/Lām/

/Kāf/

/Qâf/

Letter Name

n

m

l

K

q

Letter Sound

 
         

Arabic Character

   

/Yā’/

/Wāw/

/Hā’/

Letter Name

   

y

w

h

Letter Sound

 

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